Gxininisa kwiSisombululo kwiintambo zombane ezifana neetshaja ezingenazingcingo kunye neeadaptha njl-njl. ------- LANTAISI
Abantu abaninzi baplaga ifowuni yabo ephathwayo kwitshaja ngaphambi kokuba balale ebusuku ukuze bahlawule.Kodwa xa sele igcwaliswe ngokupheleleyo, ngaba kukhuselekile ngenene ukugcina ifowuni iplagiwe kwitshaja?Ngaba kuya kubakho imitha?Ngaba iya konakalisa ibhetri-okanye ibenze bufutshane ubomi bayo?Kulo mbandela, uya kufumanisa ukuba i-Intanethi igcwele iimbono ezifihliweyo njengenyaniso.Yintoni inyaniso?Sijonge udliwano-ndlebe lweengcali kwaye sikufumanele iimpendulo, ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe njengesiseko sereferensi.
Ngaphambi kokuba sifumanise le ngxaki, makhe sijonge ukuba isebenza njani ibhetri ye-lithium-ion ye-smartphone.Iseli yebhetri inee-electrode ezimbini, enye i-electrode yigraphite kwaye enye yi-lithium cobalt oxide, kwaye kukho i-electrolyte engamanzi phakathi kwabo, evumela i-lithium ion ukuba ihambe phakathi kwee-electrode.Xa uhlawula, batshintsha ukusuka kwi-electrode enhle (i-lithium cobalt oxide) ukuya kwi-electrode engalunganga (igraphite), kwaye xa ukhupha, bahamba kwelinye icala.
Ubomi bebhetri budla ngokulinganiswa ngomjikelo, umzekelo, ibhetri ye-iPhone kufuneka igcine i-80% yomthamo wayo wokuqala emva kwemijikelo eyi-500 epheleleyo.Umjikelo wokutshaja uchazwa nje ngokuba usebenzisa i-100% yomthamo webhetri, kodwa kungekhona ukusuka kwi-100 ukuya kwi-zero;kungenzeka ukuba usebenzisa ama-60% ngosuku, emva koko uhlawule ubusuku bonke, kwaye usebenzise i-40% ngosuku olulandelayo ukugqiba umjikelo.Ngokuhamba kwexesha, inani lemijikelo yokutshaja, imathiriyeli yebhetri iya kuthotywa, kwaye ekugqibeleni ibhetri ayinakugcinwa ihlawulwe.Sinokuyinciphisa le lahleko ngokusebenzisa ibhetri ngokuchanekileyo.
Ke, zeziphi izinto eziya kuchaphazela ubomi benkonzo yebhetri?La manqaku mane alandelayo aya kuchaphazela ubomi bebhetri:
1. Ubushushu
Ibhetri ivakalelwa kakhulu kubushushu.Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukushisa okusebenzayo kwebhetri kudlula ama-degrees angama-42, kwaye kuyimfuneko ukubeka ingqalelo enkulu (qaphela ukuba ukushisa kwebhetri, kungekhona ingxaki yeprosesa okanye ezinye izinto).Ubushushu obugqithisileyo budla ngokuba ngoyena mbulali mkhulu webhetri.I-Apple incoma ukususa ityala le-iPhone ngexesha lenkqubo yokutshaja ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokutshisa.AbakwaSamsung bathi kungcono ukungavumeli amandla ebhetri akho awele ngaphantsi kwe-20%, ilumkisa ukuba "ukukhutshwa ngokupheleleyo kunokunciphisa amandla esixhobo."Singayijonga ngokubanzi ingxaki yebhetri ngokusebenzisa umphathi wesoftware oza nefowuni ephathwayo okanye iindlela ezinxulumene nebhetri kwiziko lokhuseleko.
Ukusebenzisa ifowuni ephathwayo ngelixa utshaja kwakhona ngumkhwa ombi, kuba kwandisa ubushushu obuveliswayo.Ukuba utshaja ngobusuku, cinga ngokuyicima ifowuni yakho phambi kokuba uyiplage ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwebhetri.Gcina i-smartphone yakho ipholile kangangoko, kwaye ungaze uyibeke kwideshibhodi, iradiyetha okanye ingubo yombane kwimoto eshushu ukunqanda umonakalo kwibhetri okanye nomlilo.
2. Umbane onganeno kunye nentlawulo egqithisileyo (i-overcurrent)
Iifowuni ze-Smart ezivela kubavelisi abaqhelekileyo ziyakwazi ukuqaphela xa zihlawuliswe ngokupheleleyo kwaye ziyeke igalelo langoku, njengoko zivala ngokuzenzekelayo xa umda ophantsi ufinyelelwe.Into eyathethwa nguDaniel Abraham, isazinzulu esiphezulu kwi-Argonne Laboratory, malunga nefuthe lokutshaja ngaphandle kwamacingo kwimpilo yebhetri kukuba "awunakuhlawulisa kakhulu okanye ukhuphe ipakethi yebhetri."Ngenxa yokuba umenzi ebeka indawo yokuvala, ibhetri ye-smartphone ihlawuliswe ngokupheleleyo okanye ikhutshwe.Imbono iba nzima.Bathatha isigqibo sokuba yintoni ehlawuliswe ngokupheleleyo okanye engenanto, kwaye baya kulawula ngononophelo ukuba ungahlawula kangakanani okanye ukhuphe ibhetri.
Nangona ukuplaga ifowuni ngobusuku akunakwenzeka ukuba kubangele nawuphi na umonakalo omkhulu kwibhetri, kuba iya kumisa ukutshaja kwinqanaba elithile;ibhetri iya kuqalisa ukukhupha kwakhona, kwaye xa amandla ebhetri ehla ngaphantsi komda othile osetwe ngumenzi, ibhetri iya kuqalisa ngokutsha Ukutshaja.Kufuneka ukwandise ixesha lokuba ibhetri itshajwe ngokupheleleyo, nto leyo enokukhawulezisa ukuthotywa kwayo.Ingakanani impembelelo enzima kakhulu ukulinganisa, kwaye ngenxa yokuba abavelisi baphatha ulawulo lwamandla ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kwaye basebenzise i-hardware eyahlukeneyo, iya kuhluka kwifowuni ukuya kwifowuni.
"Umgangatho wezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo unempembelelo enkulu kubomi bebhetri," watsho uAbraham."Ekugqibeleni ungalifumana ixabiso olihlawuleyo."Nangona kungasayi kubakho izothuso ezinkulu ukuba uhlawulisa ubusuku obunye ngamaxesha athile, kunzima kuthi ukuba sigwebe umgangatho wezinto ezibambekayo zabavelisi beefowuni eziphathwayo, ke sisagcina isimo sengqondo esingqongqo malunga nokutshaja ubusuku obunye.
Abavelisi abakhulu abafana ne-Apple kunye ne-Samsung babonelela ngeengcebiso ezahlukeneyo zokwandisa ubomi bebhetri, kodwa abawusombululi umbuzo wokuba ungayihlawulisa ngobusuku.
3. Ukuxhathisa kunye ne-impedance ngaphakathi kwebhetri
"Umjikelo wobomi bebhetri uxhomekeke kubungakanani obukhulu ekuxhathiseni okanye ekukhuleni kokuphazamiseka ngaphakathi kwebhetri," utshilo uYang Shao-Horn, unjingalwazi weWM Keck Energy eMIT."Ukugcina ibhetri ihlawulwe ngokupheleleyo kwandisa izinga lokusabela kwe-parasitic. Oku kunokubangela ukuba i-impedance ephezulu kunye ne-impedance enkulu ikhule ngokuhamba kwexesha."
Kuyafana nokukhupha ngokupheleleyo.Ngokwenyani, inokukhawulezisa ukusabela kwangaphakathi, ngaloo ndlela inyusa isantya sokuthotywa.Kodwa intlawulo epheleleyo okanye ukukhutshwa kuphela kwento ekude nokuba ingaqwalaselwa.Kukho ezinye izinto ezininzi ezichaphazela ubomi bomjikelo.Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, iqondo lobushushu kunye nezixhobo ziya kwandisa isantya sokusabela kwe-parasitic.
4. Isantya sokutshaja
Kwakhona, ubushushu obuninzi kakhulu yeyona nto iphambili ekulahlekeni kwebhetri, kuba ukufudumeza okugqithisileyo kuya kubangela ukuba i-electrolyte yolwelo ibole kwaye ikhawulezise ukuwohloka.Enye into enokuba nefuthe elibi kubomi bebhetri sisantya sokutshaja.Mininzi imigangatho yokutshaja ngokukhawuleza eyahluka-hlukileyo, kodwa ukwenza lula ukutshaja okukhawulezayo kunokuba neendleko zokukhawulezisa ukonakala kwebhetri.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuba sonyusa isantya sokutshaja kunye nokutshaja ngokukhawuleza nangokukhawuleza, kuya kunciphisa ubomi benkonzo yebhetri.Ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kunokuba yingozi ngakumbi kwizithuthi zombane kunye nezithuthi ezixubileyo, kuba izithuthi zombane kunye nezithuthi ezixubileyo zifuna amandla angaphezulu kwifowuni.Ke ngoko, indlela yokusombulula ilahleko yebhetri ebangelwa kukutshaja okukhawulezayo ikwayinto ekufuneka amashishini anikele ingqalelo kuyo, endaweni yokuqalisa ngobumfama ukutshaja ngaphandle kokuba noxanduva.
Imvumelwano ngokubanzi kukuba ukugcina ibhetri yakho ye-smartphone phakathi kwe-20% kunye ne-80%,eyona ndlela ingcono yokutshaja ifowuni yakho kukutshaja ngalo lonke ixesha unethuba, ukutshaja kancinci ixesha ngalinye.Nokuba yimizuzu nje embalwa, ixesha lokutshaja manqaphanqapha liya konakalisa ibhetri.Ngoko ke, ukutshaja imini yonke kunokwandisa ubomi bebhetri ngaphezu kokutshaja ngobusuku.Kusenokuba bubulumko ukusebenzisa ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza ngononophelo.Iitshaja ezininzi ezilungileyo ezingenazingcingo zekhaya kunye nomsebenzi zikwalukhetho olulungileyo.
Kukho enye into ekufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo xa utshaja i-smartphone, kwaye ihambelana nomgangatho wezixhobo ozisebenzisayo.Kungcono ukusebenzisa itshaja kunye nekhebula ezifakwe ngokusemthethweni kwi-smartphone.Ngamanye amaxesha iitshaja ezisemthethweni kunye neentambo ziyabiza.Unokufumana ezinye iindlela ezithembekileyo.Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kufuneka ufumane izincedisi zokhuseleko eziqinisekisiweyo kwaye zaqinisekiswa ziinkampani ezinjenge-Apple kunye ne-Samsung, kwaye uhambelane neemfuno zolawulo.
Imibuzo malunga netshaja engenazingcingo?Sithumele umgca ukuze ufumane okungakumbi!
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-12-2021